social reforms of akbar

In 1562 Akbar prohibited the age-long custom of enslaving the prisoners of war, selling their wives and children, etc. Social reforms: Akbar’s interest in the Hindu Society led to some awakening regarding the evils of the Sati practice etc. (2) The next reform was the abolition of Jizya which was a tax on the “conscientious faith of any man.” This measure went a long way in removing the deep-rooted bitterness in the minds of the Hindus against the Muslim rulers. Dear Student, The following points may help you: a. Akbar expanded his kingdom to a great extent . The Jagirdars, Siqdars, Daroghas of all provinces were to record the number of the people, their trade, occupation, income, and also the residents, i.e. In addition to compiling an … Today, Insights is synonymous with UPSC civil services exam preparation. In another case Akbar intervened to persuade the young widow of Birbhadra of Panna not to immolate herself in her husband’s pyre. As a child Akbar (1542-1605) was deprived of the love and care of his parents and was brought up by nurses in the not too friendly homes of his uncles in Kandahar and Kabul. Akbar was known for rewarding talent, loyalty, and intellect, regardless of ethnic background or religious practice. In the same year on his way to Kabul expedition Akbar passed an order from Sirhind that a census of population should be taken. Comment. Although Akbar did not pass any formal decree against the practice of Suttee he thoroughly discouraged the practice. One of the most memorable reforming steps taken by Akbar was against the inhuman practice of Suttee. Critically examine. 1. Abul Fazl and a Brahmin Pandit were engaged to give lessons to Akbar’s grandsons. Badaoni deplored Akbar’s certain orders by observing that he “promulgated some of his new-fangled decrees. Explain how these social reforms helped him build better society and gain legitimacy from the Indian masses. Public hospitals were also established. There is no name in mediaeval history more renowned in India to the present day than that of Todar Mal, and the reason is that nothing in Akbar’s reforms more nearly touched the welfare of the people than the great financier’s reconstruction of the revenue system. A decree was passed by him recommending that his subjects should refrain from eating meat on the day of his accession as thanks-giving to Almighty in order that the year may pass in prosperity. Akbar is called great because of the great social and religious reforms he introduced in the medieval… Has economic progress helped realize Dalit empowerment? Attiguppe , Bengaluru - 560040. ALL IN ONE Social Reforms of Akbar Despite his multifarious activities Akbar found time to undertake several social reform measures for wedding out the evils of both the Muslim and non-Muslim societies. Answer: Akbar introduced a number of sociai reforms to rid Indian society from some cruel practices like: He abolished the sati pratha and legalized remarriage of widows. Like many of the sufis, Akbar believed that communion with God… The reform was necessitated by the fact that Akbar had made Persian compulsory for all the state officials and by his desire to create a common nationality. From 1581 several reform measures were undertaken in quick succession. Two social reforms of Akbar were. into Persian. In 1564, Jaziya, a tax which was imposed on non-Muslims, was also abolished. Monserrate taught Murad the Christian doctrines. The question is from the static portions of GS paper I and is based on the significance of Mughal ruler Akbar and his contributions. Excessive drinking, disorderly behavior after drinking or to booze were made punishable. In the same year (1582) a very important proclamation was made liberating all the slaves in the empire. The removal of these impositions while gave economic relief to the people by bringing down the prices, free movement of goods produced indirectly a sense of oneness among the people. Ralph Fitch (a British traveler) had written about Patna (Bihar) as, “Here the women bedecked with silver and copper that it is strange to see, they use no shoes by reason of the rings of silver and copper they wear on their toes." Akbar introduced a number of social and educational reforms. Akbar had no idea of the tax that was realized from pilgrims from all places of Hindu pilgrimage. Child marriage was discouraged and female-infanticide was forbidden in his reign. Akbar the Great (Oct. 15, 1542–Oct. KP CM stresses need of rudimentary reforms in social welfare department December 25, 2020 Chief Minister Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mahmood Khan has stressed the need of rudimentary reforms in social welfare department to streamline its activities to improve its overall performance. Also, why was Akbar so great? Comment. The economic, social, and cultural conditions during the first half of the seventeenth century were flourishing like anything. Akbar preferred to lose annually a sum of Rupees one crore in order to win over the goodwill of the Hindus. The killing of animals on the first day of the week was strictly prohibited, because the day is sacred to the Sun, and during the eighteen days of the month of Fawardin, the whole month of Aban (the month in which his Majesty was born) and on sacred days to please the Hindus”. The names of the purchasers of wine had to be recorded in the shop at the time buying wine. As a further safeguard against abuses, Akbar reorganized the existing network of newswriters, whose duty it was to send regular … Akbar set up a state bank from which loans might be taken by the gamblers and every gambling den was made liable to pay a fixed charge. The Mughal emperor Akbar promoted Hindus to the highest ranks of his government, ended a longstanding ban on the building of new Hindu temples, and ordered Muslims to respect cows. He prohibited the practice of ‘sati’ and legalised the remarriages of widows. Akbar is called great because of the great social and religious reforms he introduced in the medieval times although he faced great resistance to many of them. He reformed and strengthened his central administration and also centralized his financial system and reorganized tax-collection processes. A big college was founded at Fathepur on the hill, the like of which few travelers can name”. Akbar recognized the social evils of intoxicants, drinks or otherwise, but he also realized that it would be impossible to enforce total prohibition and he made a compromise. Akbar recognized the evil of gambling but it was so wide spread that he found it impossible to suppress the evil. For the first time under him Hindu and Muslim children sat side by side in the same educational institutions. The social measures that Akbar had introduced give us an impression of a new world or modernism. His principle of religious toleration did not, however, make him blind to certain evils in the Hindu society. Widow-marriage was also encouraged. He stopped sati (the burning of a widow), unless she herself, of her own free will, determinedly desired it. Such was Akbar’s fervor for education that Abul Fazl wrote in appreciation that “All civilized nations have schools for education of youths, but Hindustan is particularly famous for its seminaries. In 1563 Akbar was hunting near Mathura. Despite his multifarious activities Akbar found time to undertake several social reform measures for wedding out the evils of both the Muslim and non-Muslim societies. Conclusion: People were induced to give something to charity once a week or a month or a year. Jajman, a cousin of Raja Bhagawan Das died prematurely. Orders prohibiting marriage before the age of 12 and between cousins though permissible under Muslim law were passed by Akbar. Jala-ud-din Akbar did make an attempt to bring social reforms in the society by synthesising good things of all existing religions of that time but the masses were reluctant to follow this reform better known as din-i-illahi. Akbar introduced a number of social reforms to rid Indian society from some cruel practices like: Akbar issued orders to the kotwals to check the forcible practice of Sati or the burning of a widow on the funeral pyre of her husband. Widow re-marriage was encouraged. Akbar: Evolution of religious and social outlook, theory of Sulh-i-kul and religious policy: Part II (3) The Third Phase (1581-1605): Akbar's own religious ideas and beliefs crystallized slowly during the last phase. Princess Gul Badan wrote the famous Humayun-Nama as a contribution to Abul Fazl’s Akbarnama. His principle of religious toleration did not, however, make him blind to certain evils in the Hindu society. As the news reached Akbar he hurriedly appeared in the scene and taking the risk of being misunderstood by his Rajput relations intervened and got those who were forcing the widow to become a Suttee, arrested (Akbarnama). Nur Jahan (Mehr-un-nisa, Nur Mahal) – Mughal Empress, Dara Shikoh’s place in the Cultural Life of India, Information on Dara Shikoh (Eldest son of Shah Jahan), Brief History of Muhammad Sultan (Mughal Prince), 6 Reasons Why the Mughal Empire Declined in India, Downfall and Decline of the Mughal Empire, Early Life of Babur (Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur), Brief History of Mughal Prince Shah Shuja (brother of Aurangzeb), Muhammad Azam Shah (Mughal Prince) – Son of Aurangzeb, Muhammad Shah | Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad Shah (Mughal Emperor). Above Village Hyper Market, Chandralyout Main Road, His reforms have been discussed below: Abolition of Sati: ADVERTISEMENTS: Raja Ram Mohan Roy raised his voice against the Sati system. The minimum age for the marriage of girls was raised to 14 years, while the age of the marriage of boys was raised to 16 years. In order to preserve the unity of his empire, Akbar adopted programs that won the loyalty of the non-Muslim populations of his realm. Mughal Emperor Akbar abolished all inland customs and taxes on trades and professions. Salima Sultana was a poet of repute in Persian and Maham Anaga, Akbar’s chief nurse was also an educated lady. ADVERTISEMENTS: Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a great social reformer. Akbar launched massive military campaigns in Gujarat were followed by campaigns in the east in Bihar, Bengal and Orissa. On inquiry Akbar was told that it had been the custom of every Muslims ruler to realize pilgrim tax from the Hindus at every place of Hindu pilgrimage. This had the effect of stopping random hanging or killing of accused persons under orders of the governors. He did not encourage child marriages. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Insights has redefined the way preparation is done in UPSC civil service exam, Nanda Ashirwad Complex, 3rd Floor, to burn herself in the funeral pyre otter dead husband but her step son Udai Singh and other relations almost forced her to agree to become a Suttee. He created a powerful military system and instituted effective political and social reforms. It has to be noted that Akbar’s emphasis on secular studies was not liked by orthodox school of thought but there was no intention on Akbar’s part to destroy Arabic literature. He gave up hunting on Jumma Days (Fridays). Akbar's reign significantly influenced the course of Indian history. Akbar not only widened the curriculum of studies but also threw open the gates of educational institutions which had hitherto before been exclusively reserved for the Muslims. Consent of the parents of the boy and the girl to be married and also their mutual consent were made obligatory before marriage was performed. Akbar the great was a reformist emperor. To encourage this, charities were instituted in the Palace. There was considerable opposition to the abolition of this tax from an influential section of the court on both religious and financial grounds. Present brief background of Akbar’s reign. Raja Ram Mohan Roy (22 May 1772 – 27 September 1833) was one of the founders of the Brahmo Sabha, the precursor of the Brahmo Samaj, a social-religious reform movement in the Indian subcontinent.He was given the title of Raja by Akbar II, the Mughal emperor.His influence was apparent in the fields of politics, public administration, education and religion. The tax was not a fixed one. In 1563, the Pilgrim Tax, which was a great burden on the Hindus, was abolished. Sarais were opened throughout the imperial territories. This was abolished by Akbar in 1563 and all citizens could travel freely across the empire to visit places of worship. To start with explain the fact that in addition to proclaiming a state based on universal peace and justice, Akbar took steps to create a better understanding of different religions among the subjects; he set up a translation bureau to translate works in Sanskrit, Arabic, Greek, etc. Gambling brought ruin to families, resulted in strife, yet it was almost universal. Although in his initial days as emperor he was known to be a conqueror and ruthless warrior but as the days went by he matured and turned into a benevolent emperor. Akbar's social reforms and treatment of women: Akbars attempts at social reforms especially concerning women showed how advanced he was-Encouraged widow remarriage (for both Muslims and Hindus)-Discouraged child marriages-Legally prohibited sati (very adamant about this) His father, Humayun, the favourite son of the Mughal emperor Babar and his mother, Hamida Banu Begum, abandoned him and his little sister Bakhshi Banu to his uncles, when he was only one year old. Explain in what way Akbar was a great social reformer and how these social reforms helped him to get the legitimacy from the Indian masses. Conclude with importance of such rulers and well thought social reforms in the past. Akbar had created a powerful army and instituted effective political and social reforms. Would you like to get the full Thesis from Shodh ganga along with citation details? 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